Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) can look similar — especially when routines, repetitive behaviors, and strong interests are involved. But OCD is not a form of autism. They are separate conditions with different causes, symptoms, and treatments, even though a child can be diagnosed with both.
Understanding the difference helps parents get the right support, therapies, and evaluation for their child.
Is OCD a Type of Autism?
No. OCD is not a type of autism.
Autism is a neurodevelopmental condition, meaning it affects brain development from early childhood. OCD, on the other hand, is an anxiety-related mental health disorder that can develop at any age, including childhood.
However, research shows that children with autism are more likely to experience OCD symptoms than the general population, which is why the two conditions often overlap.
Key Differences Between Autism and OCD
While both may involve repetitive behaviors or routines, the motivation behind them is different.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
- Type: Neurodevelopmental
- When it starts: Signs appear early in development
- Why repetitive behaviors occur: Comfort, self-regulation, enjoyment, routine
- Other core traits:
- Social communication differences
- Sensory sensitivities
- Strong interests or focused activities
- Examples:
- Lining up toys because it feels calming
- Watching the same video repeatedly for comfort
- Following routines to feel secure
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
- Type: Anxiety disorder
- When it starts: Can develop in childhood or later
- Why repetitive behaviors occur: To relieve anxiety or unwanted intrusive thoughts
- Other core traits:
- Persistent worry or fear
- Compulsive rituals to avoid distress
- Examples:
- Hand-washing to avoid germs
- Checking doors repeatedly due to fear
- Repeating actions until they “feel right”
Simple way to think about it:
- Autism behaviors = comfort, interest, structure
- OCD behaviors = fear, stress, intrusive thoughts
Why Autism and OCD Can Look Similar
Shared features may include:
- Repetitive movements or rituals
- Sensory sensitivities
- Rigid routines or difficulty with change
- Intense focus on topics or activities
This is why a proper evaluation by a qualified professional — such as a psychologist or developmental specialist — is so important.
Can Someone Have Autism and OCD Together?
Yes. Many children with autism also experience anxiety and OCD-like behaviors. Studies suggest anxiety disorders, including OCD, are more common in autistic individuals.
When both conditions occur
A child may benefit from:
- Autism-focused support (like ABA therapy)
- Anxiety/OCD-focused therapy (often CBT or ERP with a mental-health provider)
- Collaborative care between specialists
How ABA Therapy Supports Children With Autism (and OCD-like behaviors)
ABA therapy is not a direct treatment for OCD, but for autistic children who also show anxiety or repetitive behaviors, ABA can help:
- Build flexibility with routines
- Teach coping skills
- Improve emotional regulation
- Strengthen communication abilities
- Reduce distress in everyday activities
A personalized ABA treatment plan can make daily life smoother and more confident for your child.
OCD is not a form of autism, but the two can overlap — and the behaviors may look similar at first glance. Understanding the unique features of each condition helps families choose the right supports and therapies.
If you are looking for compassionate, research-based ABA therapy for your child, Precious Care ABA is here to help. We provide:
Supporting families across:
Schedule a consultation today and help your child thrive with confidence and support.
FAQs
Is OCD part of autism?
No — OCD and autism are separate conditions, but they can co-occur, and some behaviors may look similar.
How can you tell the difference between autism and OCD?
Autism behaviors typically bring comfort or interest, while OCD behaviors are driven by anxiety or intrusive thoughts. A professional evaluation can help clarify symptoms.
Can ABA help with OCD symptoms?
ABA helps autistic children build coping skills and flexibility. For OCD-specific treatment, mental-health therapy like CBT or ERP is often recommended alongside ABA if both diagnoses exist.
Sources:
- https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/obsessive-compulsive-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20354432
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK553162/
- https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/ocd-vs-autism
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11497754/
- https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/obsessive-compulsive-disorder/what-is-obsessive-compulsive-disorder
